Captain Morgan and the Sack of Panama

Captain Henry Morgan (1635-1688) was a legendary Welsh privateer who raided Spanish towns and shipping in the 1660s and 1670s. After the successful sacking of Portobello (1668) and a daring raid on Lake Maracaibo (1669) made him a household name on both sides of the Atlantic, Morgan stayed on his farm in Jamaica for a while before Spanish attacks convinced him to once again sail for the Spanish Main. In 1671, he launched his greatest attack: the capture and sacking of the rich city of Panama. Morgan the Legend Morgan had made his name raiding Spanish towns in Central America in the 1660s. Morgan was a privateer: a sort of legal pirate who had permission from the English government to attack Spanish ships and ports when England and Spain were at war, which was fairly common during those years. In July of 1668, he gathered some 500 privateers, corsairs, pirates, buccaneers, and other assorted seagoing villains and attacked the Spanish town of Portobello. It was a very successful raid, and his men earned large shares of loot. The following year, he once again gathered about 500 pirates and raided the towns of Maracaibo and Gibraltar on Lake Maracaibo in present-day Venezuela. Although not as successful as Portobello in terms of loot, the Maracaibo raid cemented Morgans legend, as he defeated three Spanish warships on his way out of the lake. By 1669 Morgan had the well-earned reputation of a man who took big risks and offered big rewards for his men. A Troubled Peace Unfortunately for Morgan, England and Spain signed a peace treaty around the time he was raiding Lake Maracaibo. Privateering commissions were revoked, and Morgan (who had invested his large share of the loot in land in Jamaica) retired to his plantation. Meanwhile, the Spanish, who were still smarting from Portobello, Maracaibo and other English and French raids, began offering privateering commissions of their own. Soon, raids on English interests began happening frequently in the Caribbean. Target: Panama The privateers considered several targets, including Cartagena and Veracruz, but decided on Panama. Sacking Panama would not be easy. The city was on the Pacific side of the isthmus, so the privateers would have to cross in order to attack. The best way to Panama was along the Chagres River, then overland through dense jungle. The first obstacle was the San Lorenzo Fortress at the mouth of the Chagres River. The Battle of Panama On January 28, 1671, the buccaneers finally arrived at the gates of Panama. The President of Panama, Don Juan Pà ©rez de Guzmà ¡n, had wished to fight the invaders along the river, but his men refused, so he organized a last-ditch defense on a plain just outside the city. On paper, the forces looked pretty equal. Pà ©rez had some 1,200 infantry and 400  cavalry, and Morgan had about 1,500 men. Morgans men had better weapons and much more experience. Still, Don Juan hoped that his cavalry – his only real advantage – might carry the day. He also had some oxen that he planned to stampede towards his enemy. Morgan attacked early on the morning of the 28th. He captured a small hill which gave him good position on Don Juans army. The Spanish cavalry  attacked,  but was easily defeated by French sharpshooters. The Spanish infantry followed in a disorganized charge. Morgan and his officers, seeing the chaos, were able to organize an effective counterattack on the inexperienced Spanish soldiers and the battle shortly turned into a rout. Even the oxen trick didnt work. In the end, 500 Spaniards had fallen to only 15 privateers. It was one of the most one-sided battles in the history of the privateers and pirates. The Sack of Panama The buccaneers chased fleeing Spaniards right into Panama. There was fighting in the streets and the retreating Spaniards tried to torch as much of the city as they could. By three oclock Morgan and his men held the city. They tried to put out the fires, but could not. They were dismayed to see that several ships had managed to flee with the bulk of the citys wealth. The privateers stayed for about four weeks, digging through the ashes, looking for fugitive Spanish in the hills, and looting the small islands in the bay where many had sent their treasures. When it was tallied, it was not as big a haul as many had hoped for, but there was still quite a bit of plunder and every man received his share. It took 175 mules to carry the treasure back to the Atlantic coast, and there were numerous Spanish prisoners – to be ransomed by their families – and many black slaves as well which could be sold. Many of the common soldiers were disappointed with their shares and blamed Morgan for cheating them. The treasure was divided up on the coast and the privateers went their separate ways after destroying the San Lorenzo fort. Aftermath of the Sack of Panama Morgan returned to Jamaica in  April 1671 to a heros welcome. His men once again filled the whorehouses and saloons of  Port Royal. Morgan used his healthy share of the proceeds to buy even more land: he was by now a wealthy landowner in Jamaica. Back in Europe, Spain was outraged. Morgans raid never seriously jeopardized relations between the two nations, but something had to be done. The Governor of Jamaica, Sir Thomas Modyford, was recalled to England and made to answer for granting Morgan permission to attack the Spanish. He was never severely punished, however, and eventually was sent back to Jamaica as Chief Justice. Although Morgan returned to Jamaica, he hung up his cutlass and rifle for good and never again led privateering raids. He spent most of his remaining years helping to fortify the defenses of Jamaica and drinking with his old war buddies. He died in 1688 and was given a state funeral.

Movies That Capture Our Hearts - 1746 Words

There are many lines in movies that capture our hearts. Mark in â€Å"Love Actually† does not even have to speak as he stands outside the door with a sign that reads â€Å"to me you are perfect† or a number of lines from the great romantic classic Casablanca such as; â€Å"We will always have Paris†, stating that they can both hold on to the amazing time that they spent together in the past. The visual effects of movies such as Anna Karina and Water for Elephants, captures the hearts of the viewers with not only the amazing costumes and scenery, but also the love that is displayed on screen. These are the kind of movies that make us smile and capture our hearts, so easily in fact that one might not see the connection all of the above movies have. The†¦show more content†¦Adultery is a sensitive topic for many people, many have been affected by it. What actually is adultery, you might be surprised by the answer to that question. The bible is a huge source that some turn to in order to prove that adultery is wrong and, based on the that source, the individual is right, adultery is wrong, but only if the women is married. In the Old Testament adultery is not referred to as â€Å"one spouse cheating on the other†, it is simply outlined as â€Å"â€Å"If a man is found lying with the wife of another man, both of them shall die, the man who lay with the woman, and the woman. So you shall purge the evil from Israel† (Deuteronomy 22:22). This verse does not say â€Å"If one married person is found lying with someone that is not their spouse then...† it specifies that it is referring to a man lying with a married woman. Adultery was seen as a man laying with another man’s wife. Regardless of the marital status of the man that is. If the women was not married then it was not considered adultery and if she was not a virgin then there was absolutely no punishment for either. The laws were very strict back in the Old Testament days, there was a punishment for anything considered unholy or wrong, this included a law about being able to kill your child simply for being stubborn, not just killing either, but stoning. This does not seem like a list of laws that would leave out anything they deemed wrong, sleeping with an unmarried woman, regardless of the man’s marital

Sourcing of Materials for ISML Free Essays

As part of my AMMT program, I have completed my three months internship program from a well-known industry named â€Å"Viyellatex Group†. During my internship period in â€Å"Viyellatex Group†, I have gained valuable knowledge and experience in the field of Supply Chain. So based on my learning and experience from the organization I have completed my internship report on Sourcing of Materials for ISMLâ€Å"Viyellatex Group†. We will write a custom essay sample on Sourcing of Materials for ISML or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this paper I have tried to focus and analyze the core Material Management of ISML and what kind of value added services they are providing to their Buyer and Supplier. In the report I have discussed what kind of activities I have done describes in details in Supply Chain Department. Material sourcing, Purchasing procurement, Inventory, in housing etc. In the terms of Sourcing I have basically discussed about the Executive Search of materials from the Supplier. In ISML supplier relationship is very confidential. In case of training I have tried to explain the different area of Sourcing. These are: current price of materials, how to get quality material with a minimum cost. In the methodology I have mentioned 30 population size and 7 sample size. In recommendations how the industry can improve and also give some suggestions. In this report the problems, scope, limitations and various analyses are also done. In this report I have also tried to analyze the benefits of these services as well as my learning from the organization. From my personal view the learning aspect was fruitful and the experience there will help me in the future. I have learnt many aspects of MM, working with different sections of the company. Mainly working with SCM and Warehouse of the company was a great learning oopportunity. This mearns the information of this report has been collected from company database and company past record files. Also data collected from Human Resource Manual and textbooks from various libraries. Primary data analysis: For the main prospect of my report I have decided to use primary data analysis. For this I have structured a small survey using the â€Å"descriptive research design† in the perspective of Material Management department of the company. I also interviewed my supervisor Monowar Hossain, Head of Material Management, ISML. The research itself is both the mixture of Quantitative Qualitative research: In the qualitative part it is an unstructured, exploratory research methodology based on small samples indented to provide insight and understanding of the Material Management department’s aactivity. But in case of qualitative side I have used structured questioner method and used standard sample size from the population of the whole Material Management department. As I have mentioned before the research design I have used in this analysis is â€Å"Descriptive Research Design† Under descriptive research design we know there are two types of methods are normally used they are: . Survey method 2. Observation method For my analysis I have used the survey method. This method works by obtaining information based on questioning of respondents. Respondents are asked a vvariety of questions regarding their behavior, intentions, attitudes, awareness and motivations. Question are basically asked either Verbally or in writing or both in same time. In this case I have decided to us e the structured questioner format and asked the questions both verb ally and allowed them to write the aanswers. I followed also the observation method, where I have learned many things by the official environments and colleagues. Observation also based on personal experiences shared by the fellow in the Group. 1. 3 Scope The report is totally based on material management I mean supply chain management. We know it’s a department of ISML. Here I’ve discussed about all the materials for manufacturing garments I mean manufacturing a shirt. I also discussed about producing company of all that materials. I mentioned their price and competitive price in the market. I include here both international and local supplier company. 1. 4 Limitations # The study is undertaken considering ins and outs of the Material Management practices based on the Supply Chain Management of Interfab Shirt Manufacturing Ltd. and on personal experiences shared by the fellow in the Group. Personal biases and inconsistencies in the MM Manual with the current practices may be possible setbacks. # A relatively short period of internship may also be a reason to possibly overlook certain Misunderstandings or unfound details that may be of valued importance. Unavailability of data could be due to engagement of the current employees in Viyellatex Group. Experienced employees could have provided the required data. ? A good number of entrepreneurs are themselves ignorant about using the MM policies not only to source materials, but also to purchase and procure them. Due to shortage of time and oopportunity collected data could not be possible to compare with the data from other entrepreneurs. ? Data collection was complicated due to high turnover rate. Turnover ratio calculation was not possible due to poor record keeping. CHAPTER-2 How to cite Sourcing of Materials for ISML, Papers

Jose Feliciano Biography free essay sample

He is a virtuoso guitarist and composer known for many International hits Including the 1970 holiday single Felid Nevada. Felicia was born In Large, Puerco Roll, one of eleven sons. When he was five, his family moved to Spanish Harlem, New York City. At the age of nine he played at the Theatre Puerco Rich in the Bronx. He started his musical life with the accordion until his father and family friend, Benjamin Forges, gave him his first guitar in a brown paper bag.He played every chance he had by himself in his room for up to 14 hours a day listening to 1 asss rockabilly records, classical guitarist such as Andrea Segovia and Jazz players as West Montgomery. Later In his life he had classical lessons with Harold Morris, who earlier had been a student of Segovia. In 1963, after some live performances in pubs and clubs around the LISA and Canada, especially in Greenwich Village in New York City, and Vancouver, SC, where he played ate the same time as Bob Dylan and Joan Baize, he was signed by Jack Somers, an executive at RCA Victor. We will write a custom essay sample on Jose Feliciano Biography or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In 1964, he released his first ingle Everybody Do the Click (which become a hit In Philippines, at nor and stayed for 14 weeks In Top Ten Hit parade). Later, In 1965 and 1966, he also released his first albums The Voice and Guitar of Jose Felicia and A Bag Full of Soul, two folk pop soul albums that showcased his talent on radio across the USA, where he was described as a 10 finger wizard. He also was invited to the Newport Jazz festival in 1964. In 1966, he went to Mar del Plat, Argentina, to perform at the Festival De Mar del Plat.There, he impressed RCA Victor officials who told him to stay there to record an album In Spanish. They were not sure what they wanted to record, but Felicia suggested they record bolero music. The result was two smash hits with the singles Postulate Fee, a song written by fellow Puerco Rican, Bobby Capo, and Used. A year later, Felicia was due to perform in the united Kingdom, but the authorities would not allow his guide dog into the country unless it was in quarantine for six months. The stringent quarantine measures of those days were intended to prevent the spread of rabies.Felicia later wrote a song entitled No Dogs Allowed (then lately n 1969 become a Netherlands Top 10 Hit on the charts), which told the story of his first visit to London. Felicia holds the adolescently of being one of the few singers to have enjoyed success both in Spanish language music and in English language rock and roll. He won five consecutive awards for best pop guitarist from Guitar Player magazine and was voted in Jazz, classic and rock fields. He received a star in the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1987, and continued as a very popular singer during the sass. He had his hands cast on the famous Madame Tussahs Museums Wall ofFame, and has a star In the Walk of Fame of his native Puerco Roll. He also had a great hit In 1987 In Austria with the song The Sound of Vienna, number 1 for four weeks and recorded with the famous Vienna Symphony Orchestra. The Orchestra also performed with him live on national television at Danube Park in Vienna before more than 60,000 people. During the sass, record companies gave him space made only for the Latin market, and he recorded an impressive number of albums for that market, Including the Mouton albums Ascends De Amour and Me Enamored, as Latin performer.He recorded a duet called Poor Ella with the most popular Mexican singer at the time: Jose Jose. In 1995, Felicia was honored by the City of New York, which re-named Public School 155 the Jose Felicia Performing Arts School. In 1996, he had a short cameo role in the film Fargo. Felicia was also an inaugural member of the Independent Music Awards Judging panel to support independent artists. On December 6, 2006, Felicitations new Spanish album, Jose Felicia y amigos was released by Universal Records, featuring Felicia Joined in duets with many otherLatin American stars including Luis Fins, Loping Riviera, Lucian Peppery, Rudy Praze, Christian Castro, Marc Anthony, Ramona Ally, Alicia Villager, Richard Montanan, and Ra;l did Balsas. A special edition was later released and featured Ana Gabriel and Gloria Stefan. On May 10, 2010, Felicia performed his rendition of The Star- Spangled Banner, at Commerce Park in Detroit. This was part of the remembrance of Detroit Tigers radio announcer Ernie Harebell, who had died the Tuesday before. He played it similarly to how he did in 1968; with his acoustic guitar and in his slow memo-deed, Latin Jazz style.On December 1 5, 2010, Felicia appeared as the featured guest on the 37th weepiest of Daryl Halls Webby Award winning webmaster, Live from Dairys House, www. livefromdarylshouse. Com. Felicia and Hall took turns on several numbers, including Felicitations version of Light My Fire. Jose Felicia and his wife Susan have three children a daughter Melissa and his sons Jonathan and Michael. Even though Jose Felicia is blind he has accomplished what many people will call impossible. Though lately we havent heard from him, I am looking forward to listen more of his songs.